Python file handling is the process of reading, writing, and manipulating files on the file system. Python provides a number of built-in functions and modules for working with files, such as open(), read(), write(), and os. With these tools, you can easily read and write text files, binary files, and even perform complex operations like creating and deleting directories.
What is file?
A file is a collection of data that is stored on a computer or other electronic device. This information can be text, pictures, videos, or any other type of digital content. Files are stored in folders and can be opened, edited, and deleted by the user or computer system.
What is Text File?
A text file is a computer file that contains only plain text, such as letters, numbers, and symbols Text files are typically saved with a .txt file extension.
What is Binary File?
A binary file is a computer file that contains data in a format that is optimized for machine processing, and is not easily readable by humans. They contain binary code (0s and 1s), that represents various types of data, such as images, audio, video or software programs.
File Handling:
The open() method is used to open a file in Python. It takes two arguments: the first argument is the name of the file, and the second argument is the mode in which the file is to be opened
open("File Name", "Mode")
File Handling Modes:
There are several file handling modes available in Python, and each mode has its own specific function and use case. Here are some of the most common file handling modes in Python:
- "r" (Read mode): This mode is used to read an existing file. When a file is opened in read mode, it can only be read, and any attempt to write to the file will result in an error.
- "w" (Write mode): This mode is used to create a new file or overwrite an existing file. When a file is opened in write mode, any existing data in the file is deleted, and the file is treated as a blank slate for writing new data.
- "a" (Append mode): This mode is used to add new data to the end of an existing file. When a file is opened in append mode, any new data written to the file is added to the end of the existing data, without overwriting it.
- "x" (Exclusive mode): This mode is used to create a new file, but it will raise an error if the file already exists. This mode is useful when you want to ensure that a new file is created and prevent accidentally overwriting an existing file.
- "t" (Text mode): This mode is used to read or write text files, such as .txt files. This mode is the default mode when opening a file, so you do not need to explicitly specify it.
- "b" (Binary mode): This mode is used to read or write binary files, such as images, audio files, PDF etc. In binary mode, the data is read or written in its raw binary format.
- "+" (Read-write mode): This mode is used to open a file for both reading and writing. When a file is opened in read-write mode, the file pointer is initially set to the beginning of the file, and data can be both read and written.
Understanding file handling modes is important for effectively working with files in Python. By selecting the appropriate mode for your needs, you can ensure that your file handling operations are successful and efficient.
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